In 2015, the assistant general manager at JSW Steel Ltd. (JSW), one of India’s largest steelmakers, faced a dilemma. Should JSW continue to transport the company’s end products to clients, or should JSW instead outsource the transportation to a third-party provider? Outsourcing would ensure timely delivery but would increase the cost. Another option was to pay an agency a premium for sharing information on the availability of Class I and Class II barge vendors. Class I barges were more reliable in terms of on-time and damage-free delivery, whereas Class II barges had a smaller capacity, were less reliable, and had a greater risk of goods being damaged, for which JSW could face both monetary and non-monetary losses. Although the Class I barges led to higher payoffs, the outsourcing option offered a fixed and relatively lower payoff. The assistant general manager’s objective was twofold: to meet the customer requirements in time and to benefit JSW financially. How should he decide which option to pursue?
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