The Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the international governing body for soccer (football) faced challenges due to the growth of broadcast streaming and global fan support, and consequently the increase in enterprise values of major soccer teams. Professional soccer, notably in Europe, had seen record-breaking revenues for the top 20 clubs. Global sports revenue of US$159 billion was dominated by soccer. Together with dramatic .....more

Teaching note for product W44767.

In October 2024, the chair and chief executive officer (CEO) of George Weston Limited (GWL), was reviewing the draft environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reports of GWL of one of its operating company, Loblaw Companies Limited. As the fourth generation to lead the 142-year-old family-controlled business, the CEO was focused on creating generational value and promoting a stakeholder perspective that addressed the needs of shareholders, employees, .....more

Teaching note for product W42919.

Teaching Note for product 9B20M077.

In late 2018, a social entrepreneur in Iceland realized he needed to make changes to his enterprise working with socially-isolated children and youth. His operating model was to host bicycle rides with children and youth, and to encourage them to engage fully as young people. Most of these children had not previously engaged in physical activity, and many experienced not only social difficulties, but also physical challenges as a result of being overweight .....more

Teaching note for product 9B17M173.

Financial holding company Gentera S.A.B. de C.V., located in Mexico City and operating in Mexico, Guatemala, and Peru, offered microlending, financial payment, insurance, and money transfer services to individuals at the bottom of the financial pyramid. The company was founded and operated on strong social values—reduce financial exclusion, focus on human and social values (including self-actualization), and enhance economic value—which pervaded the .....more

In early 2012, the chair of the board of directors of Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) had to determine how to respond to demands made by the company’s largest shareholder, Pershing Square Capital Management (Pershing), an activist hedge fund. Pershing’s chief executive officer (CEO) claimed that CP was underperforming, and expressed his desire to replace two board members and appoint a new CEO. The chair of the board of directors had to determine the .....more

Supplement for product 9B17M134.